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重温中华民族最危险的那一刻
文丨王树增

本文节选自《抗日战争》第三卷

中国人民的抗战业绩，长期以来被世界严重忽视，西方舆论宣称是美国和苏联联合打败了日本。作为法西斯轴心国的日本，从一九三一年开始对中国实施武装入侵，是中国军民最早举起了抗击法西斯的旗帜，最早开创了世界反法西斯战争的亚洲战场。

在这个战场上，美国人打了三年零九个月，苏联人只打了十几天，而中国与日本侵略者单独战斗长达十年之久，直至一九四一年十二月太平洋战争爆发。中国战场是东方反法西斯战争的主战场。没有中国军民在中国战场上持久坚韧地抗击着日军，同盟国“先欧后亚”的战略便无从谈起，世界反法西斯战争的进程将会改变。中国为世界反法西斯...

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文丨王树增 \\n本文节选自 《抗日战争》第三卷 \\n中国人民的抗战业绩，长期以来被世界严重忽视，西方舆论宣称是美国和苏联联合打败了日本。作为法西斯轴心国的日本，从一九三一年开始对中国实施武装入侵，是中国军民最早举起了抗击法西斯的旗帜，最早开创了世界反法西斯战争的亚洲战场。 \\n在这个战场上，美国人打了三年零九个月，苏联人只打了十几天，而中国与日本侵略者单独战斗长达十年之久，直至一九四一年十二月太平洋战争爆发。中国战场是东方反法西斯战争的主战场。没有中国军民在中国战场上持久坚韧地抗击着日军，同盟国“先欧后亚”的战略便无从谈起，世界反法西斯战争的进程将会改变。中国为世界反法西斯战争的胜利做出了巨大贡献。 \\n中国的历史贡献同时意味着中国军民的巨大牺牲。 \\n中国历来是个不注重档案统计的国家，战争结束时，连整个国家的人口数量也仅是个估算数字。因此，对于中国在对日战争中的损失，众说纷纭。 \\n一般公认的基本统计数字是：按照一九三七年的美元汇率计算，中国的战争消耗为四百多亿美元。这对于当时经济十分落后的中国来讲，已经超出了倾家荡产的程度，使得国家的财政和金融体系面临崩溃。军事消耗也许尚有较为完整的政府档案为统计支撑，而战争期间人民的损失则根本无法统计。按照一般的常识，这一损失至少是军事损失的数十倍以上。 \\n战争彻底破坏了中国的民族工业和经济建设，日军对中国不设防城镇的轰炸达到了疯狂的程度，中国多数的城市成为一片废墟，广大的城镇成为一片焦土。穷凶极恶的日军，铁蹄所至肆意烧杀淫掠，其行为之野蛮残暴和灭绝人性，导致中国人民所遭受的战争蹂躏之悲惨酷烈程度在世界战争史上绝无仅有。粗略统计显示，日本发动的侵华战争，使中国间接经济损失高达五千亿美元以上，军队伤亡三百八十余万人，人民死亡二千余万，军民伤亡总计三千五百余万人。 \\n以最坚韧的耐力和最顽强的不屈精神赢得胜利的中国，尽管战后满目疮痍，哀鸿遍野，但是，中国人民的抗日战争仍旧是一场抵御外来侵略的伟大的全民族之战。 \\n抗日战争是中华民族团结一心、共同抗敌的战争。当入侵者肆无忌惮地横行于国土之上时，以国共两党合作为基础的抗日民族统一战线的形成，为赢得全民族战争的胜利提供了有力的保证。在中国共产党人的倡导下，全国各党派、各民族、各阶层以及社会各界，最广泛地投入到民族救亡的历史潮流中，在抗日民族统一战线的旗帜下，一切炎黄子孙、中华儿女，不分阶级、党派、民族、地区，不分宗教信仰，不分男女老幼，有钱出钱，有力出力，有命出命，显现出空前的全民族的觉醒。 \\n人民是支撑民族救亡战争的主体：自七七事变爆发，整整八年全面抗战，中国走上抗日战场的壮大队伍达到一千三百三十五万人，他们绝大多数是青年农民。 \\n而那些留在田地上耕作的老幼妇孺，皆面朝黄土背朝天，用瘦弱的身躯担负着战争所必需的沉重的公粮税赋。 \\n中国为数不多的民族资本家以及广大的产业工人，抛家舍业，跟随工业大转移到达大后方，然后冒着日军战机的狂轰滥炸坚持生产，用血与汗支撑着艰难的战争进程，维系着前线数百万军队的作战所需。 \\n中国的知识分子在炮火中离开教室，以高度的爱国热情为抗战奔走呼号。 \\n身处国外的一千多万爱国华侨，与处于战争苦难中的祖国生死与共，他们大量捐款和认购国债，把毕生劳作所积蓄的钱财全部寄回国内，大批回国参战的华侨儿女血洒疆场。 \\n在中国广袤的国土上，各少数民族成立了无数支抗日游击队、自卫队，顽强地抵抗着入侵者，他们在这片国土的偏僻之地让侵略者感受到中国人的不屈。——中国国土广袤，她的每一寸山河都需要人民用鲜血和生命来保卫。 \\n抗日战争是在正确军事理论、军事战略指导下的战争。共产党领袖毛泽东提出的持久战方针，国民政府提出以空间换时间的战略，粉碎了日本侵略者速亡中国的梦想，粉碎了日本军国主义奴役中国的图谋，将日军拖入了不能自拔的战争泥潭。 \\n就作战规模而言，中国的抗战是在长达五千公里对峙线的正面战场和幅员一百三十余万平方公里的敌后战场同时进行的。中国投入的参战兵力，最多时军队达五百多万，民兵达二百多万；而日军投入的兵力最多时达二百余万，伪军一百多万，双方投入的总兵力高达上千万之众。事实证明，日军是在战略进攻势头逐渐衰减的趋势下一步步走向失败的，而这种趋势的形成，很大程度上依靠的是极具中国特色的正面战场和敌后战场并驾齐驱的战争形态。 \\n在经济落后、军备低劣的情况下，利用中国地广人众的优势，敌后战场的游击战发挥出巨大威力，令日本入侵者顾此失彼，疲惫不堪。当正面战场上的日军气焰嚣张之际，其后方占领区却一直岌岌可危。中国共产党领导的八路军、新四军、华南抗日游击队、东北抗日联军以及群众性的抗日游击队，不但消耗着日军大量的战争资源，牵制着日军的大量兵力，有力配合了中国军队在正面战场的作战，而且创建出面积广大的抗日根据地，使敌后亿万民众摆脱了日本占领军的蹂躏，培育出令入侵者胆寒的千百支游击兵团和正规兵团，创造出世界战争史上的奇观。 \\n正面战场上的中国军队，尽管在作战指导、战争观念、战术方法、武器装备等方面不尽人意，但每一次面对日军发动的大规模攻势作战，几十万将士无不是在战役打响的那一刻便阻敌而战。他们几乎是在用自己的身躯阻挡侵略者一步步向国土纵深推进，那些倒在抗日战场上的成千上万的年轻军人无不是中华民族的好男儿！ \\n中国抗日战争的最伟大意义在于：中国洗刷了近代以来抗击外来侵略屡战屡败的耻辱，第一次向全世界郑重宣告，中国人民不但拥有自己的民族尊严，而且将誓死捍卫自己的国家权益。尽管国衰民穷，尽管军备简陋，但自入侵者踏入国土之日起，中国军民虽承受了难以言表的苦难，付出了难以计数的牺牲，却不曾有过一丝一毫的屈服，直到入侵者投降。 \\n抗日战争的最终胜利令古老的中华民族浴火重生！ \\n大风起兮，壮士出征。 \\n赤胆忠心，肝脑涂地。 \\n英雄儿女鲜血浸染田畴旷野，不死将士英灵守护山峦江河。 \\n在此，特别重温中华民族最危险的那一刻，中国人民不屈的声音： \\n起来，不愿做奴隶的人们！把我们的血肉，筑成我们新的长城！中华民族到了最危险的时候，每个人被迫着发出最后的吼声：起来！起来！起来！我们万众一心，冒着敌人的炮火，前进！前进！前进进！","photoLinks":"[{\\"small\\":\\"https://imglf6.lf127.net/img/V0syMm9aMVJMd0ZmNXpEUXNjVkpjVUNQU3RWbW1CeFh1Z3JRdFVQUi9Oa1J6bmtuRWlKS0dRPT0.jpg?imageView&thumbnail=164y164&enlarge=1&quality=90&type=jpg\\",\\"middle\\":\\"https://imglf6.lf127.net/img/V0syMm9aMVJMd0ZmNXpEUXNjVkpjVUNQU3RWbW1CeFh1Z3JRdFVQUi9Oa1J6bmtuRWlKS0dRPT0.jpg?imageView&thumbnail=500x0&quality=96&stripmeta=0&type=jpg\\",\\"rw\\":640,\\"rh\\":636,\\"ow\\":640,\\"oh\\":636,\\"raw\\":\\"https://imglf6.lf127.net/img/V0syMm9aMVJMd0ZmNXpEUXNjVkpjVUNQU3RWbW1CeFh1Z3JRdFVQUi9Oa1J6bmtuRWlKS0dRPT0.jpg\\",\\"orign\\":\\"https://imglf6.lf127.net/img/V0syMm9aMVJMd0ZmNXpEUXNjVkpjVUNQU3RWbW1CeFh1Z3JRdFVQUi9Oa1J6bmtuRWlKS0dRPT0.jpg?imageView&thumbnail=1680x0&quality=96&stripmeta=0&type=jpg\\"},{\\"small\\":\\"https://imglf4.lf127.net/img/V0syMm9aMVJMd0ZmNXpEUXNjVkpjWmV3bVZsZlBhRHRhNXUrdzdqOXhUT2M2MlR4aUlFbnNnPT0.jpg?imageView&thumbnail=164y164&enlarge=1&quality=90&type=jpg\\",\\"middle\\":\\"https://imglf4.lf127.net/img/V0syMm9aMVJMd0ZmNXpEUXNjVkpjWmV3bVZsZlBhRHRhNXUrdzdqOXhUT2M2MlR4aUlFbnNnPT0.jpg?imageView&thumbnail=500x0&quality=96&stripmeta=0&type=jpg\\",\\"rw\\":640,\\"rh\\":469,\\"ow\\":640,\\"oh\\":469,\\"raw\\":\\"https://imglf4.lf127.net/img/V0syMm9aMVJMd0ZmNXpEUXNjVkpjWmV3bVZsZlBhRHRhNXUrdzdqOXhUT2M2MlR4aUlFbnNnPT0.jpg\\",\\"orign\\":\\"https://imglf4.lf127.net/img/V0syMm9aMVJMd0ZmNXpEUXNjVkpjWmV3bVZsZlBhRHRhNXUrdzdqOXhUT2M2MlR4aUlFbnNnPT0.jpg?imageView&thumbnail=1680x0&quality=96&stripmeta=0&type=jpg\\"},{\\"small\\":\\"https://imglf3.lf127.net/img/V0syMm9aMVJMd0ZmNXpEUXNjVkpjZFRESFcrR3NPd1BHWFpzWm5ETlI3VjV5RmtOSThtZE93PT0.jpg?imageView&thumbnail=164y164&enlarge=1&quality=90&type=jpg\\",\\"middle\\":\\"https://imglf3.lf127.net/img/V0syMm9aMVJMd0ZmNXpEUXNjVkpjZFRESFcrR3NPd1BHWFpzWm5ETlI3VjV5RmtOSThtZE93PT0.jpg?imageView&thumbnail=500x0&quality=96&stripmeta=0&type=jpg\\",\\"rw\\":640,\\"rh\\":484,\\"ow\\":640,\\"oh\\":484,\\"raw\\":\\"https://imglf3.lf127.net/img/V0syMm9aMVJMd0ZmNXpEUXNjVkpjZFRESFcrR3NPd1BHWFpzWm5ETlI3VjV5RmtOSThtZE93PT0.jpg\\",\\"orign\\":\\"https://imglf3.lf127.net/img/V0syMm9aMVJMd0ZmNXpEUXNjVkpjZFRESFcrR3NPd1BHWFpzWm5ETlI3VjV5RmtOSThtZE93PT0.jpg?imageView&thumbnail=1680x0&quality=96&stripmeta=0&type=jpg\\"}]","photoCaptions":"[\\"\\",\\"\\",\\"\\"]","photoExifs":null,"photoType":0,"embed":null,"originalType":0,"questionObject":null,"firstSmallImageUrl":"https://imglf6.lf127.net/img/V0syMm9aMVJMd0ZmNXpEUXNjVkpjVUNQU3RWbW1CeFh1Z3JRdFVQUi9Oa1J6bmtuRWlKS0dRPT0.jpg?imageView&thumbnail=164y164&enlarge=1&quality=90&type=jpg","noticeLinkTitle":"重温中华民族最危险的那一刻文丨...","firstImageWH":[640,636],"content":"重温中华民族最危险的那一刻 文丨王树增 \\n本文节选自 《抗日战争》第三卷 \\n中国人民的抗战业绩，长期以来被世界严重忽视，西方舆论宣称是美国和苏联联合打败了日本。作为法西斯轴心国的日本，从一九三一年开始对中国实施武装入侵，是中国军民最早举起了抗击法西斯的旗帜，最早开创了世界反法西斯战争的亚洲战场。 \\n在这个战场上，美国人打了三年零九个月，苏联人只打了十几天，而中国与日本侵略者单独战斗长达十年之久，直至一九四一年十二月太平洋战争爆发。中国战场是东方反法西斯战争的主战场。没有中国军民在中国战场上持久坚韧地抗击着日军，同盟国“先欧后亚”的战略便无从谈起，世界反法西斯战争的进程将会改变。中国为世界反法西斯战争的胜利做出了巨大贡献。 \\n中国的历史贡献同时意味着中国军民的巨大牺牲。 \\n中国历来是个不注重档案统计的国家，战争结束时，连整个国家的人口数量也仅是个估算数字。因此，对于中国在对日战争中的损失，众说纷纭。 \\n一般公认的基本统计数字是：按照一九三七年的美元汇率计算，中国的战争消耗为四百多亿美元。这对于当时经济十分落后的中国来讲，已经超出了倾家荡产的程度，使得国家的财政和金融体系面临崩溃。军事消耗也许尚有较为完整的政府档案为统计支撑，而战争期间人民的损失则根本无法统计。按照一般的常识，这一损失至少是军事损失的数十倍以上。 \\n战争彻底破坏了中国的民族工业和经济建设，日军对中国不设防城镇的轰炸达到了疯狂的程度，中国多数的城市成为一片废墟，广大的城镇成为一片焦土。穷凶极恶的日军，铁蹄所至肆意烧杀淫掠，其行为之野蛮残暴和灭绝人性，导致中国人民所遭受的战争蹂躏之悲惨酷烈程度在世界战争史上绝无仅有。粗略统计显示，日本发动的侵华战争，使中国间接经济损失高达五千亿美元以上，军队伤亡三百八十余万人，人民死亡二千余万，军民伤亡总计三千五百余万人。 \\n以最坚韧的耐力和最顽强的不屈精神赢得胜利的中国，尽管战后满目疮痍，哀鸿遍野，但是，中国人民的抗日战争仍旧是一场抵御外来侵略的伟大的全民族之战。 \\n抗日战争是中华民族团结一心、共同抗敌的战争。当入侵者肆无忌惮地横行于国土之上时，以国共两党合作为基础的抗日民族统一战线的形成，为赢得全民族战争的胜利提供了有力的保证。在中国共产党人的倡导下，全国各党派、各民族、各阶层以及社会各界，最广泛地投入到民族救亡的历史潮流中，在抗日民族统一战线的旗帜下，一切炎黄子孙、中华儿女，不分阶级、党派、民族、地区，不分宗教信仰，不分男女老幼，有钱出钱，有力出力，有命出命，显现出空前的全民族的觉醒。 \\n人民是支撑民族救亡战争的主体：自七七事变爆发，整整八年全面抗战，中国走上抗日战场的壮大队伍达到一千三百三十五万人，他们绝大多数是青年农民。 \\n而那些留在田地上耕作的老幼妇孺，皆面朝黄土背朝天，用瘦弱的身躯担负着战争所必需的沉重的公粮税赋。 \\n中国为数不多的民族资本家以及广大的产业工人，抛家舍业，跟随工业大转移到达大后方，然后冒着日军战机的狂轰滥炸坚持生产，用血与汗支撑着艰难的战争进程，维系着前线数百万军队的作战所需。 \\n中国的知识分子在炮火中离开教室，以高度的爱国热情为抗战奔走呼号。 \\n身处国外的一千多万爱国华侨，与处于战争苦难中的祖国生死与共，他们大量捐款和认购国债，把毕生劳作所积蓄的钱财全部寄回国内，大批回国参战的华侨儿女血洒疆场。 \\n在中国广袤的国土上，各少数民族成立了无数支抗日游击队、自卫队，顽强地抵抗着入侵者，他们在这片国土的偏僻之地让侵略者感受到中国人的不屈。——中国国土广袤，她的每一寸山河都需要人民用鲜血和生命来保卫。 \\n抗日战争是在正确军事理论、军事战略指导下的战争。共产党领袖毛泽东提出的持久战方针，国民政府提出以空间换时间的战略，粉碎了日本侵略者速亡中国的梦想，粉碎了日本军国主义奴役中国的图谋，将日军拖入了不能自拔的战争泥潭。 \\n就作战规模而言，中国的抗战是在长达五千公里对峙线的正面战场和幅员一百三十余万平方公里的敌后战场同时进行的。中国投入的参战兵力，最多时军队达五百多万，民兵达二百多万；而日军投入的兵力最多时达二百余万，伪军一百多万，双方投入的总兵力高达上千万之众。事实证明，日军是在战略进攻势头逐渐衰减的趋势下一步步走向失败的，而这种趋势的形成，很大程度上依靠的是极具中国特色的正面战场和敌后战场并驾齐驱的战争形态。 \\n在经济落后、军备低劣的情况下，利用中国地广人众的优势，敌后战场的游击战发挥出巨大威力，令日本入侵者顾此失彼，疲惫不堪。当正面战场上的日军气焰嚣张之际，其后方占领区却一直岌岌可危。中国共产党领导的八路军、新四军、华南抗日游击队、东北抗日联军以及群众性的抗日游击队，不但消耗着日军大量的战争资源，牵制着日军的大量兵力，有力配合了中国军队在正面战场的作战，而且创建出面积广大的抗日根据地，使敌后亿万民众摆脱了日本占领军的蹂躏，培育出令入侵者胆寒的千百支游击兵团和正规兵团，创造出世界战争史上的奇观。 \\n正面战场上的中国军队，尽管在作战指导、战争观念、战术方法、武器装备等方面不尽人意，但每一次面对日军发动的大规模攻势作战，几十万将士无不是在战役打响的那一刻便阻敌而战。他们几乎是在用自己的身躯阻挡侵略者一步步向国土纵深推进，那些倒在抗日战场上的成千上万的年轻军人无不是中华民族的好男儿！ \\n中国抗日战争的最伟大意义在于：中国洗刷了近代以来抗击外来侵略屡战屡败的耻辱，第一次向全世界郑重宣告，中国人民不但拥有自己的民族尊严，而且将誓死捍卫自己的国家权益。尽管国衰民穷，尽管军备简陋，但自入侵者踏入国土之日起，中国军民虽承受了难以言表的苦难，付出了难以计数的牺牲，却不曾有过一丝一毫的屈服，直到入侵者投降。 \\n抗日战争的最终胜利令古老的中华民族浴火重生！ \\n大风起兮，壮士出征。 \\n赤胆忠心，肝脑涂地。 \\n英雄儿女鲜血浸染田畴旷野，不死将士英灵守护山峦江河。 \\n在此，特别重温中华民族最危险的那一刻，中国人民不屈的声音： 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