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《基加利修正案》要求，从2020年起，HFC-23应在可行范围内销毁，使用《蒙特利尔议定书》批准的技术。蒙特利尔议定书臭氧秘书处在2020年解释说，它对该要求的解释可能适用于“破坏”（即在可行的情况下销毁），或“技术的使用”（即在可行的情况下使用已批准的技术），这实际上意味着对产生HFC-23的缔约方有报告要求[1]。《含氟温室气体条例》要求，从2015年起，作为副产品生产的HFC-23在欧盟市场上的氢氟碳化合物和HFO的制造过程中，根据最佳可得技术销毁或回收，供以后使用。

美国美国环保局现已敲定其氢氟碳化合物逐步减少规则，该规则还要求所有工厂从2022年10月开始使用环保局批准的销毁技术捕获和销毁HFC-23。HFC-23也可以用于某些利基用途。一项相关提案对从氟氯烃生产厂销毁HFC-23提出了更具体的要求。

已批准《基加利修正案》的中国报告称，2018年，包括综合设施在内的所有HCFC-22生产厂生产的HFC-23的99.8%已被焚烧或收集、储存和销售，0.22%已被排气[2]这是对早些时候一份报告[3]的数据的更正，该报告指出，2018年报告的HFC-23副产品生产中有49%有所下降（焚烧）。中国生态环境部现已发布《控制HFC-23副产品排放的通知》[4]，其中规定了从氟氯烃和氢氟碳化合物生产中产生HFC-23副产品的公司减排和数据报告的额外要求。

报告称，它销毁了2018年生产的HFC-23的99.8%，但根据2020年的一份文件[5]，来自大气测量的全球HFC-23排放量在2018年的历史最高水平，但与HFC-23副产品的预测排放量（主要来自报告的HCFC-22生产）相比，预计排放量预计将低得多。

EFCTC 2021年7月通讯清楚地解释了为什么大气HFC-23水平升高与HFO-1234ze的吸收之间没有可信的联系。

参考文献

[1] UNEP/OzL.Pro/ExCom/85/63 与HFC-23副产品控制技术有关的关键方面

[2] 2021年9月技经评估组第XXI/1号决定补货工作队报告第54页，可在技术和经济评估小组（TEAP）获得|臭氧秘书处（unep.org）

[3] 2020年5月技经评估组第XXI/1号决定 充资工作队报告第45页 技术和经济评估小组（TEAP）|臭氧秘书处（unep.org）

The Kigali Amendment required that from 2020, HFC-23 is to be destroyed to the extent practicable using technology approved under the Montreal Protocol. The Ozone Secretariat to the Montreal Protocol, in 2020, explained its interpretation of this requirement may apply to either “destruction” (i.e., destroy to the extent practicable), or to the “use of the technology” (i.e., using approved technology to the extent practicable), which effectively means that there is a reporting requirement for those Parties that generate HFC-23 [1]. The F-gas Regulation required from 2015, that HFC-23, produced as a by-product, during the manufacturing process for HFCs and HFOs placed on the EU market, is destroyed or recovered for subsequent use, in line with best available techniques.

The U.S. EPA has now finalised its HFC phase-down rule, which also requires all plants to capture and destroy HFC-23 starting October 2022, using EPA-approved destruction technologies. HFC-23 can also be captured for some niche uses. A related proposal sets out more specific requirements for HFC-23 destruction from HCFC production plants.

China,which has ratified the Kigali Amendment, has reported that in 2018, 99.8% of the HFC-23 generated at all HCFC-22 production plants, including the integrated facilities, had been incinerated or collected, stored and sold, and 0.22 per cent had been vented [2] This is a correction to the data in an earlier report [3] that stated 49% of reported HFC-23 by-product production was abated (incinerated) in 2018. China’s Ministry of Ecology and Environment has now issued a Circular on Controlling the Emissions of HFC-23 By-products [4], which sets out additional requirements for emission abatement and data reporting for companies that generate HFC-23 by-product from production of HCFCs and HFCs.

Even though China reported that it destroyed 99.8% of HFC-23 generated in 2018, according to a 2020 paper [5] global HFC-23 emissions derived from atmospheric measurements were historically at their highest level in 2018, in contrast to the forecast emissions of HFC-23 by-product, primarily from reported HCFC-22 production, that were expected to be much lower.

The EFCTC July 2021 Newsletter clearly explained why there is No Credible Link Between Elevated Atmospheric HFC-23 Levels and Uptake of HFO-1234ze.

References

[1] UNEP/OzL.Pro/ExCom/85/63 Key aspects related to HFC-23 by-product control technologies

[2] September 2021 TEAP Decision XXXI/1 Replenishment Task Force Report page 54 available at Technology and Economic Assessment Panel (TEAP) | Ozone Secretariat (unep.org)

[3] May 2020 TEAP Decision XXXI/1 Replenishment Task Force Report page 45 Technology and Economic Assessment Panel (TEAP) | Ozone Secretariat (unep.org)

[4] Institute for Governance & Sustainable Development (IGSD) China Takes Steps to Address HFC-23 Emissions in Advance of International Ozone Day - IGSD

[5] K. M. Stanley, D. Say, J. Mühle, C. M. Harth, P. B. Krummel, D. Young, S. J. O’Doherty, P. K. Salameh, P. G. Simmonds, R. F. Weiss, R. G. Prinn, P. J. Fraser, M. Rigby, Increase in global emissions of HFC-23 despite near-total expected reductions, Nature Communications, 11, Article number: 397 (2020)